Gas Laws Practice

Practice

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/kinetic/idegas.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ir64EcRkf5Q

http://www.chemteam.info/GasLaw/Gas-Combined.html

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/gases-and-kinetic-molecular-theory/ideal-gas-laws/v/ideal-gas-equation-pv-nrt

http://www.learnchem.net/practice/gases.shtml

http://www.mikeblaber.org/oldwine/chm1045/notes/Gases/IdealGas/Gases04.htm

Airbag Lab

The lab was inflating a Ziploc bag with carbon dioxide from the chemical reaction of vinegar and baking soda. It was a bit stressful as I had to rely on my own accuracy of my procedure and measurments. Sadly, my measurements were off and my bag did not fully inflate.

http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/news/phones/2015/05/that-smile-might-cost-you-beware-being-hit-with-huge-emoji-fees

Quiz Reflection

We took a quiz on gas laws. The quiz was not that bad at all, and I hope I score well. The lectures we've learned so far were not too hard and only consisted of formulas. I am looking forward to our next lessons.

https://blog.earlyshares.com/university/reg-a-meet-the-newest-way-to-do-real-estate-crowdfunding/

PV=nRT

We had another lecture for the gas laws unit. This was yet another formula lecture, one that was not difficult at all and mostly involved basic plug-n-chug. I am really nervous for the lab on Monday as it is pass-fail, and I don't 100% trust myself with being accurate in my calculations.

http://www.calctool.org/CALC/chem/c_thermo/ideal_gas

Lectures

The gas laws unit has proven to be pretty straightforward and simple. The first lectures we've had are centered on one major formula: the combined gas law formula. We've gone through various different problems concerning the gas law, only with different constants. Additionally, we've learned different units of pressure, which I believe is the only difficult part of this unit: memorizing all the different conversions and units. 

https://prezi.com/8ywewmiga8tq/combined-gas-law/

Energy Test Reflection

We took our unit test for Energy. This whole unit flew by as there were only two lectures and one lab, and everything was pretty straightforward. Thus, I felt like the test was pretty simple and nothing to stress over this weekend. 

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Phase_changes.svg

Specific Heat of a Metal Lab

We did a lab to measure the specific heats of copper and lead by heating the metals in a hot water bath and figuring out the variables for MCAT. I'm pretty happy because our copper trial yielded only a 4% error for the specific heat! 

Boat Racing

Last week, we conducted our boat races. I'm proud to say that my partner and I won third place. It was a really fun experience, and it definitely was a relief from the usual lecture/test stress.

Making Biodiesel Part 2

On Friday, we found our biodiesel separated into three layers! The top and bottom layers were impurities, and our actual biodiesel was the middle layer. To test if our biodiesel worked, we filled an empty tea light wick with the biodiesel and lit it. Sure enough, the flame was sustained for quite a bit, indicating that our biodiesel worked great!

Making Biodiesel Part 1

On Thursday, we began the process of making our own biodiesel. First, we took recycled peanut oil and combined it with a mixture of KOH and methanol. Then, we put a flask of this mixture into a hot water bath and boiled it for about 20 minutes. Lastly, we let it cool and settle, upon which it began to separate into two layers.

Bonding Practice

Practice

http://www.pps.k12.or.us/schools/lincoln/files/lscheffl/IBChem1PractTestBonding.pdf

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XovrQN6cBaY

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/chemical-bonds/copy-of-dot-structures/v/drawing-dot-structures

http://www.sciencegeek.net/Chemistry/taters/Unit3LewisStructures.htm

http://web.gccaz.edu/~ksmith8/chm151_files/Lewispractice.pdf

http://www.drmichellemazur.com/2012/03/practice-presentation-speech.html

Unit Test Reflection

We took the unit test yesterday, and I thought it went pretty well! Much of the test came from the practice quizzes on Schoology which I used to review. I used some of those resources on Schoology. At first, I was a bit apprehensive about this unit as there were so many things to remember. and I felt really nervous about this test. However, with lots of practice, I felt really comfortable with the concepts.

http://1fotonin.com/group/pictures-of-happy-faces/index.htm

Modeling Activity

Last week, we went to the library for a lab. It was interesting as it was in the library where we drew on the tables and played around with building pieces to create Lewis structures. I enjoyed this lab as it allowed me to practice Lewis strucutres, something I am still quite uneasy about. It was also great to have Mrs. Frankenberg hovering around, available to answer any questions.

http://faculty.sdmiramar.edu/fgarces/zCourse/All_Year/Ch100_OL/aMy_FileLec/04OL_LecNotes_Ch100/05_CompoundBonding/502_Lewis/502_Lewis.htm

Lecture

We've started the chemical bonding unit, and it's been crazy. At first, the concepts were fairly easy to understand, but as the lectures progress, the confusion keeps piling on. I do not believe this unit will be too difficult; it's just the fact that there are SO many things to remember to do problems correctly. I think with a lot of practice and reviewing this unit will not be too bad.

http://www.slideshare.net/Drahmadfahmi/04-chemical-bonds

Unit Test

Friday's test went pretty well, I do say. It may have been a little more difficult than the quiz as I was a bit uneasy on a couple questions. Some questions asked about acidity and alkalinity, which I didn't really know how to answer, so I guessed on those. This test was much easier than past tests and I feel rather well about this one.

Periodic Trends Lecture

The final installment of the electronic structure unit is periodic trends. The periodic table follows a couple of trends that can provide details about various atoms (only S and P block atoms though). The different trends were a bit hard to differentiate and remember what each one specifies, but I think with some more studying, they will be easily remembered. I'm feeling pretty good about the test on Friday, but I still definitely need to look over this lecture, which I believe may be the hardest lesson of the unit (but still not that difficult).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_trends

Helpful link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XK-WTYncldA

Weekly Quiz

We took this unit's weekly quiz. Much of the quiz came directly from the online practice which I use to study. It wasn't as difficult as some of the other units.

Here are some links for future studying: 

http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch6/relativeenergypractice.html

http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/wiki/Quiz:GeneralI001:_Electron_configuration
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I58ByiqnXcY

Spectroscopic Analysis Lab

We performed yet another lab. This lab was not nearly as exciting as the flame test lab. For this lab, we adjusted various knobs on a spectrophotometer and found the amount of light in blue and pink solutions. It was really difficult to adjust the knob so that the number read exactly what it was supposed to. This was extremely time-consuming as we had to re-adjust the knobs for every single different wavelength. Additionally, it was dull as all the lab consisted of was a) adjust the knobs and b) record the number.

Lecture on Electronic Structure

We've started a new unit, and it has been going pretty well. At first, the unit seemed a bit confusing, but it all began to make sense gradually. The first lesson of the unit was on wavelengths of light. We learned the formula for the speed of light (C= frequency x wavelength) and for energy (E= Planck's constant x frequency). These two formulas were easy to understand as problems associated with the lesson are pretty basic plug-and-chug. Yesterday, we learned about the electron configuration of elements. This lesson was chockful of vocab and steps to memorize. It was definitely a bit confusing and time-consuming at first to figure out each element's different electron structure and diagram and to memorize all the little rules for different types of elements. However, I soon began to understand it, and I even think it's a bit fun (Something I have NEVER said about chemistry, so that's saying a lot!). 

http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Core/Inorganic_Chemistry/Electronic_Structure_of_Atoms_and_Molecules/Electronic_Configurations

Some links for review on these lessons:

http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch6/electronconfigpractice.html
http://www.sciencegeek.net/Chemistry/taters/Unit2ElectronNotations.htm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2AFPfg0Como

Flame Lab

Today in class we had another lab, one which may be my favorite lab we've done all year: the Flame Test Lab. Basically, we placed several different chemical compounds and solutions in the flame of a Bunsen burner to see the various colors each one produced. It was really awesome to see the vivid colors that varied among each metal. The smell was really reminiscent of summer (fireworks, bonfire, you get the picture) when we first walked in due to the Bunsen burners.

Useful Links

http://www.chemtutor.com/acid.htm#math


https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/acid-base-equilibrium/titrations/v/titration-calculation-example

http://www.sparknotes.com/testprep/books/sat2/chemistry/chapter6section6.rhtml

http://www.chem.wisc.edu/deptfiles/genchem/sstutorial/Text12/Tx121/tx121.html

Unit Test Reflection

I have heard people say the acid base unit test is the most difficult test of the year. Those people were exactly right that was by far the most difficult test we have taken all year. 10/10 most difficult test. I barely knew what I was doing on that thing.

Unknown Acid Lab

This week, we've been working on another titration lab that is pretty much identical to last week's Acetic Acid lab. The only thing that's changed is that we're not using acetic acid, but an unknown acid. We still titrated the unknown acid with NaOH, just like the acetic acid lab. Another thing that's been added to this lab is that we have to heat the solution as the unknown acid does not dissolve as easily as acetic acid. It's pretty neat seeing the solution turn into a mini tornado when the magnet is added to the flask and spins due to the magnet in the heater.

Titration Lab

We've been working on a new lab. The purpose of the lab is to standardize a solution of NaOH with KHP, and then, use that solution's molarity to determine the percentage of acetic acid is in vinegar. To start, we filled the buret with NaOH, and measured out some KHP on a weigh boat. We transfered the KHP to a flask, and filled it with water to make a solution of 75 mL. Next, we added three drops of phenolphthalein to act as a color indicator for the endpoint. Lastly, we slowly drained the NaOH solution into the flask until the solution reached a permanent pink color. This was the hard part as we never knew exactly when to stop, but then again, we couldn't go too slowly as we needed to finish within a class period.

Acid-Base Quiz

We took our weekly quiz for the beginning of our Acid-Base unit. The quiz was "supposedly" difficult, but I thought it to be quite easy, as did many of my peers. It was such a great feeling calculating an answer actually listed as one of the choices! The quiz was mostly math, with a few definition questions. The math was primarily pH calculations, which is fairly easy, except when dealing with weak acids/bases, which require the "ICE box" method.

http://www.sciencegeek.net/APchemistry/APtaters/pHcalculations.htm

First Acid-Base Lecture

We started our new unit on acids & bases. So far, the majority of the lessons are not very complex nor difficult to understand. I may just need to study some of the vocab again. The lecture consisted of identifying the differences between acids and bases, strong vs. weak, and Arrhenius vs Bronsted-Lowry acids. This was probably the most difficult out of the two lectures we've had so far as it was very vocab-packed, and there are some rules that need to be memorized in order to identify what type of acid or base a substance is. Today's lecture was more math based in that we had. It was basic math and involved a simple formula to find the M of either H or OH ions in a reaction.

Vitamin C Lab

We did the Vitamin C lab. My pre lab question was a math one, and it really wasn't hard at all. You just needed to know the formula of calculating concentration by dividing the drops of iodine needed to reach the endpoint of the sample over the drops of iodine needed to reach the endpoint of the standard. The actual lab consisted of measuring the number of drops of iodine were needed to reach the endpoint (when the solution turned permanently blue) of various fruit juices: pear, apple, grapefruit, v8. We then compared these numbers to the number of drops needed to reach the endpoint of a standard Vitamin C solution, made by a dissolved 500mg Vitamin C tablet in 500mL of water. We performed 3 trials while everyone else mostly performed 2 trials. This was to make sure we were being extra accurate, but when we actually looked back at our data for the trials, it seemed as if that extra trial just threw the average off. For example, the standard solution had endpoints of 39, then 27, and finally in the 3rd trial, it had an endpoint of 55. So, it totally threw off the average of the endpoint of the solution. This was probably due to the fact that we did the third trial on the second day of lab, when we had a new standard made. The standard was most likely much different than the standard from day one, throwing our number off.

Finally, we compared the numbers to figure out which juice had the highest concentration. The more drops of endpoint, the higher the concentration that solution would have. The lineup from most concentrated to least was Vitamin C standard, apple juice, v8 Golden Goodness, and finally, pear nectar.

Helpful links

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KVZ_KS45rVg

http://chemcollective.org/activities/tutorials/stoich/solution_stoi

https://chemistry11mrstandring.wikispaces.com/Stoichiometry+Calculations+Involving+Molar+Concentration

http://www.quansysbio.com/dilutions

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rPND65LPwS0&feature=youtu.be

http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/Molarity.html

Molarity in Stoichiometry

Our final lecture of the unit aqueous solutions was how to tie molarity to our stoichometry calculations we have learned in previous units. We learned how to find grams, volume, moles, or molarity of a substance, using molarity (mol per 1L) as a conversion factor. We can use molarity to get from volume to moles, and then subsequently from moles to grams, and vice versa.

http://employees.csbsju.edu/hjakubowski/classes/Chem%20and%20Society/stoichiometry/olstoichiometry.htm

Quiz Reflection

Our final lecture of the unit aqueous solutions was how to tie molarity to our stoichometry calculations we have learned in previous units. It seems like all of chemistry somehow leads back to Stoich... Anyways, we learned how to find grams, volume, moles, or molarity of a substance, using molarity (mol per 1L) as a conversion factor. We can use molarity to get from volume to moles, and then subsequently from moles to grams, and vice versa.

https://www.course-notes.org/chemistry/topic_notes/aqueous_solutions_and_solution_chemistry/solution_concentrationstoichiometry

Murder Lab Day 2

Day Two consisted of weighing the dry filter paper that contained the solid from the reaction. The solid was a pea green powder. After weighing the filter paper, we subtracted this mass from the mass of just the filter paper to figure out the mass of the solid. Then, we calculated the molarity of this substance and found out that it was roughly 0.07 M. To figure out the identity of the unknown substance, we knew that it must have been silver nitrate because when silver nitrate combines with sodium carbonate, it should make a solid, which is exactly what happened in lab. The 0.07 molarity matched Mr. Green's description, as he was found with traces of silver nitrate with a molarity between 0.05 and 0.15 M.

Murder Lab Day 1

The murder lab is a lab where we solve a murder using chemistry. Today's task was combining an unknown solution with sodium carbonate in a beaker. Both reactants were clear, but when combined, the product was a milky white substance. Then, we poured this substance into a funnel with filter paper inside an empty Erlenmeyer flask to collect any solid. While letting the liquid drip down into the flask, I noticed there was a sand-like substance forming inside the liquid, showing that the reaction definitely produced a solid. Thus, it can be inferred that the unknown substance is silver nitrate, due to the fact that it should produce a solid when reacted with sodium carbonate based on solubility rules.